Assignment sample solution of PHAR3010 - Clinical Pharmacy

A 65-year-old male patient with chronic heart failure (CHF) and a history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) is prescribed enalapril (an ACE inhibitor) as part of his treatment regimen. The patient is also on metformin for his diabetes and furosemide for diuresis. He expresses concerns about the potential for drug interactions, the mechanism of action of enalapril, and whether its use is safe in combination with his existing medications. Additionally, the patient is concerned about potential side effects related to renal function, electrolyte imbalances, and hypotension.

Using your knowledge of pharmacology, pharmacy practice, and patient counseling, provide a detailed explanation of the mechanism of action of enalapril, its clinical use in managing chronic heart failure (CHF), potential drug interactions, especially with metformin and furosemide, and its side effects, particularly with respect to renal function, electrolyte imbalances, and hypotension.